The mission of the Military museum is to save collective, historical memory of the nation about political and militarily history of Latvia, the influence of the military conflicts (especially 20th century World War) on the destiny of the nation and the reflection of these conflicts consequences, the historical character of Latvian soldiers and the popularization of the state defence system. The structure of the museum consists of the following departments:

Middle ages and new time history department;
1st World War history department;
History between wars department;
2nd World War history department;
Post-war history department;
Weapons department;
Restoration department;
Society attitudes department;
Photo negative department.